Gestational Diabetes Symptoms: How to spot them and what to do next

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and can affect both the mother and the baby. It's important to be aware of the symptoms and to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have gestational diabetes. With proper management, you can control the condition and have a healthy pregnancy and delivery.

What is gestational diabetes?

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It occurs when the hormones produced by the placenta interfere with the mother's insulin, causing insulin resistance. This results in high blood sugar levels, which can be harmful to both the mother and the baby. Gestational diabetes usually develops in the second or third trimester and affects about 2-10% of pregnancies. It's important to get tested for gestational diabetes during pregnancy, as it can be managed with proper treatment and monitoring.

What are the symptoms of gestational diabetes?

Gestational diabetes often has no symptoms, which is why it's important to get tested during pregnancy. However, some women may experience symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and nausea. If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to talk to your healthcare provider about getting tested for gestational diabetes. Early detection and proper management can help ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby.

How is gestational diabetes diagnosed?

Gestational diabetes is typically diagnosed through a glucose screening test, which is usually done between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. This test involves drinking a sugary solution and then having your blood sugar levels tested. If your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, you may need to take a follow-up test called a glucose tolerance test to confirm the diagnosis. It's important to attend all recommended prenatal appointments and screenings to ensure the health of both you and your baby.

What are the risks of gestational diabetes?

Gestational diabetes can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and delivery, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and the need for a cesarean delivery. It can also increase the risk of the baby developing low blood sugar, jaundice, and respiratory distress syndrome. Additionally, women who have had gestational diabetes are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. However, with proper management and monitoring, these risks can be minimized.

How is gestational diabetes managed and treated?

Gestational diabetes is typically managed through a combination of healthy eating, regular physical activity, and monitoring blood sugar levels. In some cases, medication may also be necessary. It’s important to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan and to attend all recommended appointments and screenings. With proper management, most women with gestational diabetes are able to have a healthy pregnancy and delivery.

7 ways to take care of gestational diabetes

1. Regular exercise
   Exercise is one of the most effective remedies for gestational diabetes. It helps to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Walking, swimming, and prenatal yoga are great options for pregnant women.
2. Healthy diet
   A healthy diet is crucial for managing gestational diabetes. It is important to eat a balanced diet that includes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and healthy fats. Avoiding sugary and processed foods is also important.
3. Monitoring blood sugar levels
   Monitoring blood sugar levels regularly is important for managing gestational diabetes. This can be done with a glucose meter and keeping a log of readings. It is important to follow the recommended blood sugar targets set by your healthcare provider.
4. Medication
   In some cases, medication may be necessary to manage gestational diabetes. Insulin injections or oral medications may be prescribed by your healthcare provider to help regulate blood sugar levels.
5. Stress management
   Stress can affect blood sugar levels, so it is important to manage stress during pregnancy. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and prenatal massage can help reduce stress levels.
6. Regular prenatal care
   Regular prenatal care is important for managing gestational diabetes. Your healthcare provider will monitor your blood sugar levels and adjust your treatment plan as needed.
7. Support from family and friends
   Having support from family and friends can make a big difference in managing gestational diabetes. They can help with meal planning, exercise, and provide emotional support during pregnancy.

Gestational diabetes diet plan to follow

Focus on whole foods
When it comes to managing gestational diabetes, it's important to focus on whole foods that are nutrient-dense and low in added sugars. This includes fresh fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats.

Limit carbohydrates
Carbohydrates can cause blood sugar levels to spike, so it's important to limit your intake of refined carbohydrates like white bread, pasta, and sugary snacks. Instead, opt for complex carbohydrates like brown rice, quinoa, and sweet potatoes.

Eat smaller, more frequent meals
Eating smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day can help keep blood sugar levels stable. Aim for three meals and two to three snacks per day, and try to eat at regular intervals.

Choose low-glycemic index foods
Foods with a low glycemic index (GI) are digested more slowly, which can help prevent blood sugar spikes. Some examples of low-GI foods include non-starchy vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. [Try our free 7-day meal plan]

Avoid sugary drinks
Sugary drinks like soda, juice, and sweetened tea can cause blood sugar levels to spike. Instead, opt for water, unsweetened tea, or sparkling water with a splash of fruit juice.

Monitor portion sizes
Even healthy foods can cause blood sugar spikes if eaten in large quantities. Use measuring cups or a food scale to monitor portion sizes, and aim for balanced meals that include a mix of carbohydrates, protein, and healthy fats.

Work with a registered dietitian or nutritionist
A registered dietitian can help you create a personalized gestational diabetes diet plan that meets your individual needs and preferences. They can also provide support and guidance throughout your pregnancy to help you manage your blood sugar levels and stay healthy.

Curious what foods to eat to help with gestational diabetes? Download our meal plan & recipe book!